The Secret of Synchronization
How does order spontaneously arise out of chaos? This video is sponsored by Kiwico - go to www.kiwico.com/Veritasium50 for 50% off your first month of any crate.
An enormous thanks to Prof. Steven Strogatz - this video would not have been possible without him. Much of the script-writing was inspired and informed by his wonderful book Sync, and his 2004 TED talk. He is a giant in this field, and has literally written the book on chaos, complexity, and synchronization. It was hard to find a paper in this field that Steven (or one of his students) didn't contribute to. His Podcast "The Joy of X" is wonderful - please listen and subscribe wherever you get your podcasts www.quantamagazine.org/tag/the-joy-of-x
Nicky Case's Amazing Firefly Interactive - ncase.me/fireflies
Great Kuramoto Model Interactive - www.complexity-explorables.org/explorables/ride-my-kuramotocycle
References:
Strogatz, S. H. (2012). Sync: How order emerges from chaos in the universe, nature, and daily life. Hachette UK. - ve42.co/Sync
Strogatz, S. H. (2000). From Kuramoto to Crawford: exploring the onset of synchronization in populations of coupled oscillators. Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 143(1-4), 1-20. - ve42.co/Strogatz2000
Goldsztein, G. H., Nadeau, A. N., & Strogatz, S. H. (2021). Synchronization of clocks and metronomes: A perturbation analysis based on multiple timescales. Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, 31(2), 023109. - ve42.co/Goldsztein
The Broughton Suspension Bridge and the Resonance Disaster - ve42.co/Broughton
Bennett, M., Schatz, M. F., Rockwood, H., & Wiesenfeld, K. (2002). Huygens's clocks. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 458(2019), 563-579. - ve42.co/Bennett2002
Pantaleone, J. (2002). Synchronization of metronomes. American Journal of Physics, 70(10), 992-1000. - ve42.co/Pantaleone2002
Kuramoto, Y. (1975). Self-entrainment of a population of coupled non-linear oscillators. In International symposium on mathematical problems in theoretical physics (pp. 420-422). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. -- ve42.co/Kuramoto1975
Great video by Minute Earth about Tidal Locking and the Moon - ve42.co/MinuteEarth
Strogatz, S. H., Abrams, D. M., McRobie, A., Eckhardt, B., & Ott, E. (2005). Crowd synchrony on the Millennium Bridge. Nature, 438(7064), 43-44. - ve42.co/Strogatz2005
Zhabotinsky, A. M. (2007). Belousov-zhabotinsky reaction. Scholarpedia, 2(9), 1435. - ve42.co/Zhabotinsky2007
Flavio H Fenton et al. (2008) Cardiac arrhythmia. Scholarpedia, 3(7):1665. - ve42.co/Cardiac
Cherry, E. M., & Fenton, F. H. (2008). Visualization of spiral and scroll waves in simulated and experimental cardiac tissue. New Journal of Physics, 10(12), 125016. - ve42.co/Cherry2008
Tyson, J. J. (1994). What everyone should know about the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. In Frontiers in mathematical biology (pp. 569-587). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. - ve42.co/Tyson1994
Winfree, A. T. (2001). The geometry of biological time (Vol. 12). Springer Science & Business Media. - ve42.co/Winfree2001
Special thanks to Patreon supporters: Mac Malkawi, Oleksii Leonov, Michael Schneider, Jim Osmun, Tyson McDowell, Ludovic Robillard, jim buckmaster, fanime96, Juan Benet, Ruslan Khroma, Robert Blum, Richard Sundvall, Lee Redden, Vincent, Lyvann Ferrusca, Alfred Wallace, Arjun Chakroborty, Joar Wandborg, Clayton Greenwell, Pindex, Michael Krugman, Cy 'kkm' K'Nelson, Sam Lutfi, Ron Neal
Written by Derek Muller and Petr Lebedev
Animation by Fabio Albertelli and Jakub Misiek
GFX and 3D animation by Jonny Hyman
Filmed by Derek Muller and Raquel Nuno
Edited by Derek Muller
Additional video supplied by Getty Images
Thumbnail by Ignat Berbeci
More footage from NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio
100 metronome video from noworld.info/video/video/1qfdqpeZz7TTlck.html
Intro animation by Jorge Cham
Thanks for the BZ footage from SteinbockGroup: noworld.info/video/video/rHzTZtmqvKnf0dU.html and
NileRed noworld.info/video/video/r36YoLyrxZGa2bs.html
Animation of waves in the heart from The Virtual Heart/ EM Cherry/ FH Fenton - ve42.co/Cardiac and ve42.co/Cherry2008
Chemical materials and protocol provided by Mike Morris and the UCI Chemistry Outreach Program www.chem.uci.edu/~jsnowick/outreach/UCI_Outreach/index.html
Thanks to Alie Ward for title/thumbnail consultation
Thanks to Dr Juliette Becker and Dr James O'Donoghue for the planetary science help
Music from Jonny Hyman, Epidemic Sound epidemicsound.com "Seaweed" "Deeper Than The Ocean" "Ripple Effect"
Music also from Artlist artlist.com "Children of Mystery"
Thumbnail by Ignat Berbeci
This is probably how Nikola Tesla would wanted to get his Tesla towers in sync. Earth being the wooden bar.
In this age of high technology, physics still manages to mystify us. Nicola Tesla indeed was on to something when he cane up with the earthquake machine. 🕵
I really liked this. But what I liked the most is that it took some simple and obvious things we take for granted, and offered some profound insight. Thank you.
This is how democracy was born. The majority wins. The minority must follow afterward
It is waves. Waves always equalize.
Part of this phenomenon has to be caused by the human mind though, right? Not everything is as synchronized as it appears, and we humans like finding patterns in things that don't really have patterns
It's because they're all part of the same single body that they eventually oscillate as a single body.
Brilliant, brilliant! And a quality video! Keep it up my man!
seeing veritasium's HD face after that bald guy with the bad webcam is kind of terrifying
Does increasing the number of metronomes increase the consistency of the timing?
Out of the way so amazed it's like a room full of girls when they start hanging out together they start synchronizing on their menstrual cycle that fun
This channel makes the best videos ever!!!!
nature's Natural Feedback loop seems to propagate throughout our reality created over our natural humanistic existence expressed by some who have been acute to the feedback as a religious phenomena throughout the world. Our natural pendulum of life and death is especially perceived at death of a human system while during our life time some-we are sensitive to the humanistic experience as a whole called a civilization... realized as a moral pendulum written through out written history... Peace and Love always
If there were 70 men marching, 60 of them fell and 20 of them were injured who were the extra 10 that were injured?
My god... I love this channel
Explanation of why the one changes motion (after 5:44)is flawed.The arrows are drawn the wrong way. The TOTAL of the two that het in sync first will balance out with the counter motion of the platform, but that don't mean that the platform doesn't move. And the move of the platform is forced by the two that are synced already. Be cause of which it dominates the one that is still doing is own thing.
Synchronicity is interesting and there are more syncs... cause each spectrum(world) has an own balance...as much balance,as much syncs...so the question is which balance we choose, which sync?Thatswhy parallel waves are important,we must choose our own balance then recognize the parallels and keeping the line...if we are in higher balance we learn but we get left behind or must try more times not to get left behind...if we are in lower balance we get not our results of our works...so choosing which sync is parallel is very important...and not each sync is available everywhere...even in universe there are more balances...and there are more universes... basically we must find the parallel outside what we are already exactly inside... mostly people are choosing lower or upper nivou balance than themselves...but it's a good school in upper nivous to getting some knowledge or rolling in the deep to leaving the inner suffering behind...this channel has a good nivou.
2:16 the wrong acceleration on the pendulum is driving me crazy
Nature is actually shockingly orderly. It prefers it in fact. Its why we see it everywhere and why "random chance" cannot in any fathomable sense explain our very existence.
And as it is appointed unto men once to die, but after this the judgment: (Heb 9:27 KJV) |>~~~~~~
hey man, i was thinking....if the synchronization works atleast with a solid connection(clocks kept on same surface or something like that) , wouldn't this solve the basic issue we had while we were trying to measure speed of light!!.....since the clocks were unable to synchronize then....we couldn't measure the speed of light in one way....but using these nomes....if we first set them up and let them synchronize over time (which they will eventually)....won't then will be able to measure speed of light in both(hence different) directions! possible or not...do let me know please!
Is this what happens when you are at a red light and watch the turn signal of the car in front of you sync with your turn signal?
The Earth is flat.
Wow, so like, when you live in a fake country that only enables people to hate on each other, and outsource jobs, and covers everything in asphalt, grueling traffic, and remote strip malls w/junk food, then you will end up w/people walking in a sick, twisted, 'entitled' destructive, hurtful cadence. **So saying "Oh well, that's your choice, then" is a bunk term, no?**
We just think it's disorder because we're too small to see the whole thing.
no joke, this video gave me an idea for my phd ... see you at the nobel prize
tell me your name i will wait for you to appear in the news :D
"So you naturally expect universe to be "Messi" " --mybrain
Remember when you were in the school lunch room and everyone happened to finish a sentence at the same time, causing a weird silence?
No.
0:30 does this solve special cases of the N-body problem?
I wonder how the metronomes would react if they were placed on a platform resting on steel balls. And then more when the metronomes are in a circle ...
2:20 I really thought it was the Minecraft music at first.
1:15 good heavens! the army learned a lesson and nobody died? A Miracle!
Well it WAS the british army.
You all understand the immune system perfectly well how to diminish as many people as you possibly can, thus to reduce their immunity to Cancers and all types of fatal diseases within the herd of The unwanted, useless eaters
Everyone who take civil engineering understands the World is Flat. The building of Bridges railroad tracks, and canals, confirm this.
I noticed synchronization with turn signals with cars at a turning lane any explanation to that???
Great video as usual! I'm from Hungary and we call that type of clapping "vastaps" seen from 9:40, in English that would be "iron clapping". Just a fun fact ;)
The thing is energy distribution becomes equal
15:01 Him: that's not a fart.... crap! ... 19:02 I have been sitting in my own poop to far to long now.
Was thinking the same lol
vsauce or this channel?
We're with you all the way against Twitter bro.
Question: do the slower ones catch up, or do the faster ones slow down? to which one do the others "fall in line" to? lets say you have 1=2bpm, 2=4bpm and 3=6bpm, which one would they sync up to?
Simple answer, God
Not sure how true it is, but my friend once mentioned periods among group of girls tend to synchronize over time.
Great Video Derek.
People clapping probably doesn't count. Too much opportunity for minds to get involved. If their hearing weren't a factor, then a better argument could be made. Anyway, good video.
The firefly phenomenon reminds me of how people sync their breathing with other people
2:01 they just want to cross from other side of the bridge
I and my ex talked about this. She said it's because of god's will or kind like that. I said science. Yeah, we broke up.
This is science
For that metronome experiment you said that it is regardless of number of metronomes. I mean that how many metronomes doesn't matter. But is it regardless of the size of platform too? I mean the relative size of metronome and platform?
WOW
fun with beer cans? I have a fun with 2 X 4s program. Hahaha.
Your videos are really amaZingggg
Damn, if you put several rocket engines together instead of big one, imagining a disaster will happen.
Me, an Assassin's Creed enthusiast: How can it be a secret you just climb on top of a high building and press V... Then miss the haystack and fall to your death
Hello Turing instabilities
18:03 here's the answer
The people on the bridge are simply reacting to sway so that makes them all moving sync it's no secret
can we use the kuramoto model to calculate the one way speed of light?
I wish I was born smarter. 😔
How the heart muscle works in spirals is amazingly beautiful to me.
Who waits to get on a long line that’s wobbly like that? And you brits call us americans crazy.
This went from neat physics phenomena to woowoo real fast.
We call nature disorder just because we dont understand how nature really works
Your entire channel is at jeopardy because Bill Gates is behind creating COVID-19 virus. It is a man-made virus and for somebody to predict that only a few years before it came out is too coincidental. And now ironically he is helping support in creating a vaccine. Follow the money!
I don’t mean to sound like a know it all but other then the advanced mathematical equations which I won’t pretend to understand but some of these interactions seem to have be pretty obvious.
07:07 In class this would be the exact moment when I stop understanding what the teacher is talking about
Acaso con las mentes de las personas no sucede lo mismo? Cuando la mayoría cree en algo terminan arrastrando al resto!!!!....como si entraran en sincronía
It’s a very interesting video.
Everyone who studies complex system should read about dialectal thinking, very helpful
👍🏽👍🏽
Bru 2160p res
GOHOHO90
Noone: This guy: LonGAtoOD
Y ¿Cómo se puede explicar que en las residencias estudiantiles de chicas, o en una casa donde viven varias mujeres, se suele ver que ellas sincronizan las menstuación? Aunque ellas lleguen en diferntes fechas, y con la menstruación en otro período, al poco tiempo entran en sincronía. A veces hay excepciones
And how can it be explained that in student residences for girls, or in a house where several women live, it is usually seen that they synchronize their periods? Although they arrive on different dates, and with menstruation in another period, soon after they come into sync
12:40 cc: not facilitatory but "oscillatory"
Can synchronisation can be used on emotions ? Since empathy is the reproduction of an emotion we percieve
What would happen if all those random particles that pop in and out of our existence all popped into our existence at the same time? Would they throw the entire universe into chaos?
Wasn't that the Big Bang?
This was a fantastic video. Really interesting content, interesing guest and excellent quality
My mans really said longitude with a hard g
Does that mean we’re drifting away far into space?
This is part of the secret to extremely high efficiency motors/generators.
Chaos is an illusion of the scale of order. There is only order that only seems like chaos.
this is a frequency entropy
I've been pondering the orbital resonance of Jupiter's Galilean moons for years in my head. Now I finally understand how and why. Thanks.
Which one is first? And what general frequency would gather the rest?
To me, this was one of the best and most inspiring episodes of Veritasium. Great work, thanks!
10:59 does that mean that eventually our earth will only show one side to the sun?
Amazing video. However I feel the video missed a huge potential in relating to the final point about complex systems.
How can a bridge have a resonant frequency?
Put metrinoms in diffrent direcyions plz .we want to see
Amazing video.
so you can use synchronisation to mesure the speed of light (your previous vidéo)
"It was only a few decades ago that scientists started fleshing out a rigorous theory of synchronization." I don't believe that because it seems too easy. Framework of proof (for pendulums on a common movable platform, but this can easily be generalized): (1) Assuming there were 1 pendulum only, express the effect of the movement of the 1 pendulum on the movement of the platform. (2) Express effect of the movement of n asynchronous pendulums on the movement of the platform. (3) Express the effect of the movement of the platform on the movement of a pendulum. (4) From 2 and 3, generate a system of equations for the cases with 1 and 2 pendulums. (5) Solve for the equilibrium in a case with 1 and 2 pendulums, with arbitrary starting values. (6) Show that the equilibrium does not change if you add 1 pendulum, regardless of the current number of pendulums. Alternate proof framework: (1) Prove that regardless of current state after one period an apparatus with 2 pendulums is closer to synchronous equilibrium by more than some fraction of the present distance to the synchronous equilibrium. (2) Prove that for an arbitrary number of pendulums by induction. (3) Prove that the sequence of distance to synchronous equilibrium indexed by period asymptotes to the 0.
Yet at a concert when people use lighters or flashlights to swing left and right with there arms, nobody ever gets in sync...
Does free will really exist?
si con estos ejemplos enseñaran en el colegio todo seria distinto pero no lo hacen solo hacen ver todo lo aburrido q es la fisica
Aristoteles says that to reach God there are 3 paths, beauty, justice and kindness ... Beauty = Harmony = Synchronization=Cosmos...
"Christian Hoidgens" - difficult